The three Industrial Revolutions brought distinct learning and social changes to India, but their impact was shaped by colonial exploitation and, later, post-independence progress. The First and Second Industrial Revolutions occurred under British rule, leading to the decline of traditional artisanship and indigenous industries. The First IR turned India into a raw material supplier while dismantling its thriving textile and handicraft sectors, pushing a large population into agrarian distress. The

Infrastructure development is a key driver of economic growth, social mobility, and quality of life. Investments in transportation, housing, and public services enhance accessibility, reduce inequalities, and create economic opportunities in both urban and rural areas. Looking from a gender-sensitive lens, infrastructure development has both generic and specific implications, particularly for women, because of existing mobility constraints, safety concerns, and socio-cultural barriers.  In rural India, housing conditions, poor road connectivity,

Governance in the 21st century is undergoing a transformation driven by the rapid evolution of technology. Among the most influential forces shaping policy frameworks is the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data analytics. India, as one of the world’s fastest-growing economies and a thriving democracy, is leveraging these technologies to enhance decision-making, optimize resource allocation, and foster inclusive development.  As we stride toward Vision 2047 of transforming India