The relationship between India and Pakistan, despite their shared history and status as neighboring countries, remains strained, marked by decades of conflict, mistrust, and diplomatic setbacks. Pakistan has, time and again, attempted to cause unrest in India. Drawn into the crucible of conflict in 1947, when tribal marauders from Pakistan descended upon Kashmir, igniting a war that stood to scar the newly formed Republic of India. Again in 1965, the

Time Spent on Unpaid Domestic and Caregiving Services – Are today’s policies reducing women’s ‘Time Poverty’ Introduction The National Statistical Office (NSO) has recently published the findings of the Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024, providing a detailed snapshot of how people across India distribute their daily 1,440 minutes among paid work, unpaid tasks, and personal activities. As a vital statistical instrument, the survey offers crucial data on the utilization of

1. INTRODUCTION Flicking through any policy journal from the last decade, one will notice a singular theme popping up time and again: how to move money without it leaking away. In India, this puzzle matters most in farming villages, where a few thousand rupees can decide whether seed is bought on time or a family eats two decent meals a day. That is why the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) platform—a giant digital

A Quantitative Assessment of Economic and Environmental Gains, Performance Index and Implementation Gaps Summary The world’s largest domestic rooftop solar initiative, ‘Pradhan Mantri Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojna’ was launched by the Honourable Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi on 15th February 2024. After completing one year, the scheme was evaluated based on its financial implications, environmental benefits, and overall state-wise performance index. The findings suggested key points as

The year is 2012. In a small village in Maharashtra’s Konkan, Laxmi, a 29-year-old single mother of two, dreams of building a life of dignity by earning a livelihood to sustain her family. She would visit the local post office every other week to claim her widow’s pension, but the relief she sought was unreliable. The meagre sum she received was barely enough for a month. Laxmi came from a

When the conflict in Manipur made headlines in the year 2023, with footage of houses being burnt down, gory images of killings, harassment of women making news, including security forces facing a backlash, the entire nation gasped to understand why it had happened, as we watched the horrors that sent chills down our spines. Manipur has presently become one of the most volatile and conflict-ridden states of India. An approach

The heinous massacre of 26 innocent tourists in Pahalgam has shocked India’s conscience and marked a turning point in India’s policy towards Pakistan. New Delhi’s response will be hardline, yet firmly rooted in law and legitimacy. For years, India showed restraint by adhering to the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) even as Pakistan continued sponsoring cross-border terror. Following the Pahalgam outrage, India has suspended the Indus Waters Treaty. This decisive

While studying India Office documents, I came across some interesting files (IOR/L/PS/13/1259-1273, IOR/R/2/Kashmir 5, IOR/L/I/1/178) about Jammu and Kashmir during the fevered days of 1947, when the British were planning to leave India, and the princely states had been given the choice to remain independent or join India or Pakistan. This series of secret political correspondence refers specifically to the Gilgit Wazarat and the surrounding areas, which are now part

James P. Carse, in his book titled “Finite and Infinite Games,” provided us with ample information regarding the nature of games. He broadly categorized the games into two categories: finite games and infinite games. Finite games are played with the goal of winning, while infinite games are played with the goal of continuing the play. Thus, he states, “There are at least two kinds of games: finite and infinite. Finite

Very recently, Bangladesh’s Chief Advisor Muhammad Yunus made a controversial statement that “it should occupy Northeast India if India attacks Pakistan.” The remark did not go well, with many experts refuting it as an indignant comment. The highlight of the comment was the reaction of Northeastern netizens, who hailed a series of criticisms. While such a reaction was speculated, what stood out was the pride in Indianness that the Northeast

My articles and opinion pieces about Northeast India are not typically because I am from the region, but because of the enormous potential it holds for development on the global stage. Somewhere in its profound beauty and the impeccable diversity it carries, if guided with proper caution and compassionate mastery, this region of the country can give back in multiples of what we expect from it. A decade ago, people

During a visit to Burha, a small village in Uttar Pradesh, I met Rani, a small-scale farmer selling fresh produce in the village market. She shared that until recently, she and her husband had to rely on middlemen who often took the bulk of the earnings, leaving them with minimal profit. Today, they sell directly to customers, a welcome change that has given them more control over their earnings and

यूनेस्को विश्व धरोहर स्थलों की खोज में मेरा अगला पड़ाव है बनारस रिवर फ्रंट। यह एक सांस्कृतिक साईट है जिसे सन २०२१ में यूनेस्को ने विश्व धरोहर स्थलों की सूचि(संभावित) में स्थान दिया।  दुनिया के हर देश की एक अलग पहचान होती है। अमरीका की पहचान एक ताक़तवर राष्ट्र के रूप में है तो वहीँ जापान की पहचान तकनिकी रूप से अग्रणी के रूप में। ब्रिटेन को राजनीति के क्षेत्र

On a cool November evening in Delhi in 1947, the grounds of the US Embassy in newly independent India were buzzing with the sounds of a cocktail party thrown by the US Ambassador and Mrs. Grady. Lord Mountbatten, still India’s Governor-General despite overseeing a thoroughly botched job of the British withdrawal from India, was in attendance, as was the cream of Delhi’s political class. Also present was the British High

India’s patent filings have doubled in just over a decade, surging from around 40,000 in 2014 to over 80,000 by 2025. The country is now ranked 40th in the Global Innovation Index 2023, up from 81st in 2015, reflecting the impact of sustained policy focus and institutional reform. The YUGM Innovation Conclave, held at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi on April 29, 2025, stands as a monumental step toward India’s

India, under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, reaffirmed its global commitment to sustainable innovation and climate action at the Mission Innovation Annual Gathering 2025, held in Seoul, South Korea, from April 9 to 11, 2025. The event brought together top government officials, scientists, innovators, and clean energy stakeholders from around the world. Notably, India showcased its groundbreaking BioE3 Policy (Biotechnology for Environment, Energy, and Economy) and

Nagaland is a landlocked state in the northeastern region of India, sharing its domestic boundaries with Assam to the west, Arunachal Pradesh to the north, and Manipur to the south, while also bordering Myanmar to the east. According to the 2011 Census of India, the state has a population of approximately 1.98 million and is home to 17 major tribes and several sub-tribes, each with its distinct languages, cultural practices,

In the remote village of Katho-Hallan in Kashmir’s Shopian district, a long-homeless family led by Kaka Kataria has just turned the key to a new home equipped with electricity, a toilet, and clean water. Scenes like this are now unfolding across the country under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G), the flagship rural housing scheme launched in 2016 to fulfill the ambitious promise of “Housing for All.” The government targeted

India’s Act East Policy, launched in 2014, marked a significant paradigm shift from the earlier Look East Policy, with a renewed impetus for economic cooperation, cultural diplomacy, and strategic collaborations with Southeast and East Asia. At the heart of this policy lies a region often overlooked in national discourse but vital to its success – Northeast India. Geographically, the Northeast is India’s gateway to Southeast Asia, sharing 5,182 kilometres or

The pathology of wealth accumulation is an area worth considering as we plan and work towards Viksit Bharat. PM Modi emphasizes improving the quality of life for everyone as one of his main goals. Something that works directly against the efforts of PM Modi during our nation’s Amrit Kaal is the act of earning and accumulating obscene amounts of money. It is nothing but an irony, or even worse, a

Bharat, the land of diverse landscapes and ancient wisdom, has always been a fertile ground for creativity. Creativity is the invisible divine hand ensuring the manifestation of the improbable. Every unique and normal aspect of India is creative. Making anything work for you is as close to godliness as one can be. I say that because God holds the power to manipulate elements and entities and put them to alternative

If there is one individual for whom priorities are strikingly clear, it is the honorable Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi. At the heart of his foreign policy approach lies a deeply personal and culturally rooted ethic—Wadki Vyavhar, a concept inspired by the everyday lives and generosity of Gujarati households. A wadki is a small bowl used for serving dal, but its significance transcends its size. It symbolizes frequent and reassuring exchanges

“India’s nominal GDP has more than doubled over the last decade, the pandemic and other external shocks notwithstanding.” The skeptics would tear apart this statement by pointing at the misleading use of nominal figures and for ignoring the impact of inflation. To their dismay, India’s GDP expanded by over 80% in real terms as well. However, it is the skeptics and constant criticism that make India uniquely successful. Heterogeneity, democratic

1. The Turning Point: From Jhum to Bloom In the misty hills of Toru Circle (Kheel Village), situated in the lush greens of the Sagalee division of Papum Pare district, Arunachal Pradesh, a silent revolution is blooming-not with bullets or banners, but with dragon fruit, also known as Kamalam or pitaya, flowers, and avocado saplings. Meet Tana Takum, a 47-year-old visionary farmer who has transformed the traditional Jhum cultivation into a story of

Introduction:  In an era defined by complex global challenges—from climate change to public health and digital transformation—the ability to translate scientific knowledge into effective policy and meaningful societal impact has never been more critical. India, under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s unique development trajectory and deep-rooted commitment to innovation, offers important lessons on how this science-policy-society interface can be strengthened to drive inclusive and sustainable progress. Over the past decade, India

In a socio-political landscape where memory functions as both a strategic asset and a source of trauma, the National Herald case epitomizes the intersection of political authority, real estate transactions, and historical legacy. What initially appeared as the modest decline of a newspaper has spiralled into one of India’s most intricate legal sagas, revealing the complex dynamics of dynastic privilege and challenging the boundaries of institutional accountability. This narrative transcends

Operation Sindoor: A Strike for Justice In response to the April 22, 2025, Pahalgam terror attack that claimed 26 lives, India launched Operation Sindoor on May 7, targeting nine terrorist camps in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. The precision strikes, lauded by global leaders like the UK’s Keir Starmer, Israel’s Reuven Azar, and Dutch politician Geert Wilders, hit key Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba bases, killing over 70 terrorists while sparing civilian infrastructure.

India’s remarkable week on the global stage showcased its prowess in diplomacy, innovation, and cultural influence, weaving a narrative of strategic partnerships, economic growth, and inclusive progress that reverberates worldwide. Modi’s Angola Pact Strengthens Global Bonds Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a $200 million line of credit to modernize Angola’s armed forces, marking a significant step in India-Africa defence cooperation. Beyond military support, Modi committed to sharing India’s advancements in

It is very difficult to answer, if somebody asks to define our life in a single geometrical shape because life is not static but dynamic blend of square (stability and instability), triangle (balance and unbalances), circle (life cycle, renewal and continuity) and so on, recognizing these shapes and patterns help us understanding the complexities of life with clarity, purpose and resilience. Therefore, explaining to common people, the importance of the

Escaping poverty is no mean feat, but having to do it twice makes the journey even more arduous. This is the precarity most nations face as they enter the middle-income level and become stuck in what is known as the Middle-Income Trap (MIT). They get trapped in a difficult place between low-wage, low-income countries with competitive exports in mature industries and high-income countries that dominate technologically evolving industries. It is

The sun rises over a village in Madhya Pradesh, where 17-year-old Laxmi prepares for her college entrance exam. A generation ago, her mother was married at 15 and never finished school. This change isn’t an isolated story but reflects a sweeping transformation across India, credited mainly to the initiatives launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government since 2014. India worships the goddess Saraswati, the deity of knowledge, yet pre-2014, millions

The notion of public service delivery in India has been synonymous with the idea of a large government. However, given its large population size and vast geographical spread, the Indian state has repeatedly been identified as lacking the human resources to undertake the logistics of efficient government transfers. Hence, to cover this gap in state capacity, the government has relied on a complex web of intermediaries (both government and non-government

When discussions revolve around nature, terms such as ‘sustainability’, ‘biodiversity’, and ‘conservation’ commonly dominate the conversation. Rarely is ‘peace’ mentioned in this context. Even rarer is the acknowledgement of nature within conversations explicitly focused on peace. In an era when awareness about the severity of climate change has finally permeated mainstream consciousness, conflicts with the potential to escalate into global warfare, such as the ongoing Ukraine-Russia war, have concurrently resurfaced.

A Quantitative Assessment of India’s DBT System (A Policy Analysis) Executive Summary India’s Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system, implemented in 2013, has redefined welfare delivery by enhancing transparency, curbing leakages, and ensuring precise fund distribution. This policy document evaluates a decade of data (2009–2024) to assess DBT’s impact on budgetary efficiency, subsidy rationalization, and social outcomes. The analysis reveals transformative results, including cumulative savings of ₹3.48 lakh crore through leakage

As India celebrates 10 years of the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY), its role in transforming the financial ecosystem—particularly the banking sector, from one marked by opacity, inefficiency, and delays to a model of transparency and inclusivity—has been profound. Before 2014, countless small enterprises languished outside the formal credit system. PMMY changed that narrative by unlocking collateral-free loans, empowering millions of entrepreneurs, and turning micro dreams into macro impact.  By

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has long championed technology as the backbone of India’s economic rise. At the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Action Summit 2025, he reaffirmed India’s commitment to responsible and inclusive AI, stating, “Our vision is to use AI for the benefit of all citizens, ensuring that its advancements lead to equitable growth and social empowerment.”   Beyond AI, PM Modi has underscored India’s global leadership in space, renewable energy, and

“एकं विषरसं हन्ति शस्त्रेणैकश्च वध्यते | सराष्ट्रं सप्रजं हन्ति राजानं मन्त्रविप्लवः” (Udyog Parv, Mahabharat, 33-45) The above Shloka from the Udyog Parv of Mahabharata clearly depicts that by altering the psyche of the society one can easily disrupt the functioning of the civil society . Our ancient thought givers has clearly conceptualised that if one has to preserve its own society then there is a need to preserve the real

Hindu history is not just a history of time and events; it is a documentation of heroes and the battles they have fought. Whether it is the Rig Veda, which documents the Battle of the Ten Kings (दाशराज्ञ युद्ध), the Ramayana, which documents the battle between Prabhu Rama and Ravana, or the Mahabharata, which documents the mega war between Pandava and Kaurava brothers: all contain battle strategies and the stories

India has long been a land where silence is sacred. Here, meditation is not just a practice; it is a way of life, passed down through generations and deeply embedded in the country’s cultural fabric. In recent years, as the world struggles with rising stress and distractions, India has positioned itself as the global center for spiritual rejuvenation. From Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s meditative retreats to the international embrace of

Reflecting upon the conversation between Lex Fridman and Prime Minister Narendra Modi It was April 13, 2023, when I met Lex Fridman for the first time. He came to MIT Media Lab for the Imagination in Action conference to conduct a live fireside chat with Stephen Wolfram, founder of the famous Wolfram Alpha. I was lucky to get the nearest seat to Lex. For those unfamiliar, Lex Fridman is one

The Third Industrial Revolution (TIR), also known as the Digital Revolution, began in the mid-20th century and was characterized by the rise of computers, telecommunications, and automation technologies. While many global economies capitalized on this transformation, India’s progress remained inconsistent and incomplete. Despite emerging as a significant player in IT services, India failed to fully industrialize and leverage technological advancements to transform its manufacturing, infrastructure, and R&D sectors. India’s sluggish

‘Advantage Assam 2.0’ marked a transformative chapter in the journey of Assam. For over two days in February 2025, Guwahati witnessed the confluence of distinguished ministers of state, key global investors, policymakers, and industry leaders. An initiative of the government of Assam, this second edition of the investors’ summit aimed to underscore the role of Northeast India, particularly Assam, in shaping the country’s economic progress and establishing itself as an

Kashmir has long been a land of secularism and pluralistic traditions, producing remarkable women who have played pivotal roles in shaping its history. From Kota Rani, the last Hindu queen of Kashmir known for her administrative acumen, to Habba Khatoon, whose poetry continues to resonate with generations, the region has celebrated female intellect and leadership. Spiritual figures like Lalleswari (Lal Ded) and Rupa Bhawani have left an unforgettable impact on

The three Industrial Revolutions brought distinct learning and social changes to India, but their impact was shaped by colonial exploitation and, later, post-independence progress. The First and Second Industrial Revolutions occurred under British rule, leading to the decline of traditional artisanship and indigenous industries. The First IR turned India into a raw material supplier while dismantling its thriving textile and handicraft sectors, pushing a large population into agrarian distress. The

Infrastructure development is a key driver of economic growth, social mobility, and quality of life. Investments in transportation, housing, and public services enhance accessibility, reduce inequalities, and create economic opportunities in both urban and rural areas. Looking from a gender-sensitive lens, infrastructure development has both generic and specific implications, particularly for women, because of existing mobility constraints, safety concerns, and socio-cultural barriers.  In rural India, housing conditions, poor road connectivity,

Governance in the 21st century is undergoing a transformation driven by the rapid evolution of technology. Among the most influential forces shaping policy frameworks is the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data analytics. India, as one of the world’s fastest-growing economies and a thriving democracy, is leveraging these technologies to enhance decision-making, optimize resource allocation, and foster inclusive development.  As we stride toward Vision 2047 of transforming India

The growth narrative is typically a hopeful and optimistic macro narrative. It keeps the public-at-large focused. However, the story at the micro level is often more nuanced. At the individual level, layers of influences and pressures distract the energy and resources from the macro-level directional orientation. Such a mismatch often distorts the process of growth. It is paramount that we are aware of the drivers in charge of our thoughts,

On a frosty afternoon, I visited the bustling Reading Terminal Market in Philadelphia.  Amidst a sea of enticing food stalls, the longest queue snaked its way to Bassetts Ice Cream—not for the avant-garde choice of flavors but for its legacy. Founded in 1861, America’s oldest ice cream brand has been serving scoops from the same 125-year-old marble countertop since 1892, when the market became operational. Despite the winter chill, I

“It is important to accept our similarities and differences—man, woman or third gender, we are all searching for a glimpse of divinity in everyday life… The soul is neither male nor female.” As we grapple to understand our gender roles since childhood, often confused with the patriarchal induction imparted by elders during our growing-up years, these words by Narthaki Nataraj put a lot of age-old discomfort to rest. She clearly

Under PM Narendra Modi’s leadership, India has experienced a shift from a colonial mindset to global recognition of its rich culture and heritage. Once stereotyped as the ‘land of snake charmers,’ PM Modi shared a personal anecdote from his visit to Taiwan, where someone hesitated to ask if India was indeed a land of black magic and snake charmers, to which he responded, “Our forefathers may have played with snakes,

For many years, Muslim women in India have had to contend with structural injustices while juggling the demands of modernity with their identity in a mixed culture. Despite their richness, which includes linguistic, geographical, and cultural variances, their experiences are frequently reduced to clichéd accounts of marginalization. They continue to face significant disparities in healthcare, political representation, economic engagement, and education, which limit their ability to contribute to India’s development.

India has long excelled in captivating the world through its rich cultural heritage, employing soft power to foster global connections. From the soothing melodies of the sitar to the intricate movements of Kathak dance,  from the aromatic allure of saffron-infused biryani to the vibrant narratives of  Hindi cinema, India’s cultural exports invite global audiences to experience its diverse traditions. India influences through culture, captivates through tradition, and leaves an imprint

As we step into the new year and adjust to our regular routines, a common topic of conversation among our peers is the return-to-office trend. In line with the 2024 shift, many employers are pushing for employees to return to physical workplaces after several years of remote work. A significant number of tech giants, such as Amazon, Wipro, and TCS, have mandated office attendance. Amazon has completely removed its work-from-home

The Union Budget delivered on multiple fronts, shutting down all rhetoric of an uneventful, business-as-usual budget. The most remarkable reform was proposed in the Finance Bill, with significant revisions to the income tax rates. The government has provided massive tax relief across income classes, especially to encourage India’s aspiring neo-middle class. While this might be identified as populist policymaking, it will have positive impacts on development. First, higher consumption will

The latest United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) World Drug Report 2024 highlights a concerning rise in global drug use and the emergence of potent new synthetic opioids, exacerbating the world drug problem and its associated health, social, and environmental impacts. Despite an estimated 64 million people worldwide suffering from drug use disorders, only one in 11 receives treatment. Women, in particular, face significant barriers, with only one

  In the remote village of Umla, nestled at an altitude of 13,900 feet in Ladakh, life used to be a daily battle against nature. For Tsewang Dolma[i] and her family, fetching water meant trekking through snow and braving sub-zero temperatures. This arduous task consumed hours of the day, leaving little time for education, livelihood, or community activities. Today, thanks to the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), every household in Umla

Tribal identity, tribal society, tribal culture and customs have been an intrinsic part of the Indian struggle for independence. During the uprising when the British were brazenly trampling our Janjatiya Asmita, a fervour of self-assertion and patriotism ignited our tribal communities. This renaissance was a cornerstone of resistance which later forged into an iron wall against colonial atrocities. A warrior and ideologue in this nationalist thought and struggle was Bhagwan

On 6th December 2024, the occasion of the 69th Mahaparinirvan Diwas, Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid homage to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, an unwavering champion of social justice and the architect of India’s Constitution. The commitment to fulfilling Dr. Ambedkar’s vision of an equal society, where citizens are treated with dignity irrespective of their caste, is not only reflected in the Constitution but also in the policies of today. Hence, one

Premchand’s ‘Godan’ – An iconic portrayal of farmers of India simmers in the literary memory of people. The journey of India’s ‘Annadatas’ from the hardships of the past depicted in this iconic work to the reality of today as a global agricultural powerhouse is a giant leap forward. When Russia-Ukraine conflict disrupted supply chains all over the world, India stepped up wheat exports proving its worth as a pacifying force

The story of women empowerment in India has found new protagonists—the Namo Drone Didis. These women are breaking barriers and embracing technology, showcasing strength and potential of women in the modern world.  A constant stream in PM Modi’s overall vision for India has been women-led development. Over the past 10 years, several steps have been taken to honour and empower women. ‘Beti’, ‘Matru’, and ‘Didi’ have served as key touchpoints

“The 70 years of the constitution have brought a mixed sense of joy, excellence and conclusion to us. This joy is for the fact that the spirit of the Constitution has been steadfast and unshakable. Even if there were such efforts ever, the countrymen have foiled those attempts together. The Constitution has not been allowed to be harmed ever. We have definitely registered the excellence due to the strength of

In 1992, amidst a wave of economic liberalization, the Trans-Himalayan region of Spiti was opened to outsiders and tourists for the first time. But even today, if one were to visit, the first impression would be that of a place stuck in time. As a young travel writer, when I visited Spiti in 2019, I remember thinking about two words – hauntingly beautiful – and then thinking about how expressions

Envisioning a nation marching towards sustainable economic growth and development is what the current government under Prime Minister Narendra Modi has strived to achieve since its inception. Through a network of tactfully planned and strategically designed initiatives, today we see highways and expressways running across the length and breadth of the nation. Because of its strategically aligned policy reforms, the government has been successful in bringing an unprecedented wave of

India is breaking new ground daily, consistently surpassing global benchmarks in both speed and scale, leaving its international counterparts trailing. Almost close to half of global digital transactions happen in India. India’s GDP surged by 8.15% year-on-year for FY 2023-24, solidifying its position as the world’s fastest-growing major economy.[1] Its GDP growth is forecast to be 7% for FY 2024-25. In 2024, a new record was set in terms of

As we mark 75 years since the adoption of our Constitution on 26 November, this is an opportune moment to reflect on the implementation of the vision of its framers in the present times. Among the many provisions of our Constitution, the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) hold a unique position. After much deliberation, DPSP was incorporated into Part IV of the Constitution, covering Articles 36-51. The fundamental idea

When Prime Minister Narendra Modi honored Kunwar Bai, a 105-year-old resident of Dhamtari village in Chhattisgarh, as the face of the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) in 2016, she never imagined the profound impact she would have. A centenarian who had never seen a toilet in her life, Kunwar Bai’s village was declared Open Defecation-Free (ODF) in 2018, marking a significant change for her and her community. A Century-Long Wait for

  Shanti Devi, from Deeppura village in the Neem Ka Thana district of Rajasthan, has witnessed the many evolving faces of India throughout her lifetime. When asked about her age, she replies with a thoughtful expression, “Teen saal, 80 baras“. At 83, she also embodies the changing status of women in our country.  She was married young, just a few years after Independence. “I had to wake up early in the morning to relieve myself before

Today, the world is witnessing a crisis-like situation that has enhanced the quest for alternatives, be it in the form of energy, market, cheap labor, raw materials, or for that matter allies. As an example, the Ukraine-Russia war or the food and fuel crises have resulted in significant changes at the geopolitical level. Brazilians elected a left-wing government to power, and the United Kingdom elected its first Prime Minister of

The withdrawal of the three farm bills, announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in an address to the nation, has generated much debate. From guesstimating the motivations for this move at this time to crystal gazing, and from predicting collateral fallouts to even predicting a political turn of events, the analytical responses have been many. But why go that far or guesstimate at all when the PM himself laid out the